NOTE: This is PART 2 of this unit.
PART 1 covers POPULATION. These are lessons 1 - 5. |
What is migration and why do people move? Do migrants always want to move to another country? And what benefits do migrants bring? Migration is always a hot topic - let's discuss it!
The lessons covered in PART 2 of this unit are: 6. Migration 7. Push and pull factors 8. Effects of migration 9. Malta’s migrants |
6. MIGRATION
🡺 I can define migration and understand that migration can happen between and inside countries.
People who move from one place to another to live are called migrants. They have a big effect on population because they increase the numbers and can alter the mix of people who are living in a place. People who leave their country are said to emigrate. People who move into another country are called immigrants. The movement of people into a country is known as immigration. Every year some people leave Malta and move abroad. At the same time some people will move into Malta. Immigrants add to the total population and emigrants are subtracted from the total. When people move from one country to another, it is called international migration. Sometimes people just move from one region to another within the same country. In many developing countries, large numbers of people have moved from the countryside to the cities in recent years. This is called rural to urban migration. |
Geo-check!
1. Match the following terms to their correct definitions.
a. Migration b. Emigrant c. Immigrant d. Rural to urban migration e. International migration ____ People moving from the countryside to cities. ____ People moving to a different country. ____ People leaving a country. ____ The movement of people ____ People coming into a country. 2. This map uses arrows to show world migration. a. List THREE countries, people are emigrating from. b. List THREE countries, people are immigrating to. c. Which continent has a lot of migration between its own countries? Why do you think this is? d. List THREE places people are migrating from and where they are going. Example: Russia to United States CHALLENGE! How do you think migration will change in 50 years? Where will people be migrating away from? Where will people be migrating to? |
7. PUSH AND PULL FACTORS
🡺 I can list push and pull factors of migration.
People migrate for two reasons. The reasons people leave a place are called the push factors. These include a shortage of jobs, poor living conditions and political fears. The reasons people are attracted to new places to live are called the pull factors. These include pleasant surroundings, good medical care and better education. Sometimes people have a choice about whether they move, but sometimes they are forced to move. Forced migration is a negative form of migration, many times caused by persecution, war and natural disasters. (The TWO videos below are perfect examples of this! Voluntary migration is migration based on one's free will and initiative. Voluntary migrants move for several reasons, many times for better homes and jobs. |
Geo-check!
1. Below there are several push and pull factors. Highlight the pull factors.
2. Choose TWO pull factors and TWO push factors from above and explain them.
3. The stories below are real migrant stories. Write down if you think they are forced or voluntary migration. Highlight the word or phrase that tells you whether it is forced or voluntary. The first one is done for you.
Ex: A German woman who married an Italian doctor and moved to Italy. --- Voluntary
a. A Palestinian who moved to Jordan during the Arab-Israeli Wars of 1948 and 1967.
b. A retired Englishman who moved to Greece for the warm climate.
c. A woman from Rwanda moved to Tanzania as she is afraid she and her family will be killed by another ethnic group.
d. An old couple from China who was given a new house in a faraway village as the house they always lived in was going to be flooded with the building of a new dam.
e. A French teenager who moved to Sweden to attend university there.
f. A young Spanish woman moved to Estonia to be a marketing consultant.
g. A farmer from Zimbabwe evicted from his farm as a commercial farmer from the United States bought the land.
h. A family in the Ethiopian countryside moved to the city. For the past five years, there has not been enough water to grow animals or crops.
i. A business owner who moved from New Orleans to Texas after Hurricane Katrina destroyed his house and shop.
j. Bulgarian parents who moved to Malta for better education for their childre
- Political fears
- Better way of life
- Unhappy life
- Not enough jobs
- Natural disasters
- Chances of a job
- Good living conditions
- War
- Good education
- Family links
- Good medical care
- Shortage of food
- Persecution
- Better housing
- Few opportunities
2. Choose TWO pull factors and TWO push factors from above and explain them.
3. The stories below are real migrant stories. Write down if you think they are forced or voluntary migration. Highlight the word or phrase that tells you whether it is forced or voluntary. The first one is done for you.
Ex: A German woman who married an Italian doctor and moved to Italy. --- Voluntary
a. A Palestinian who moved to Jordan during the Arab-Israeli Wars of 1948 and 1967.
b. A retired Englishman who moved to Greece for the warm climate.
c. A woman from Rwanda moved to Tanzania as she is afraid she and her family will be killed by another ethnic group.
d. An old couple from China who was given a new house in a faraway village as the house they always lived in was going to be flooded with the building of a new dam.
e. A French teenager who moved to Sweden to attend university there.
f. A young Spanish woman moved to Estonia to be a marketing consultant.
g. A farmer from Zimbabwe evicted from his farm as a commercial farmer from the United States bought the land.
h. A family in the Ethiopian countryside moved to the city. For the past five years, there has not been enough water to grow animals or crops.
i. A business owner who moved from New Orleans to Texas after Hurricane Katrina destroyed his house and shop.
j. Bulgarian parents who moved to Malta for better education for their childre
8. EFFECTS OF MIGRATION
🡺 I can explain positive and negative effects of migration.
Migration can bring positive and negative effects to both the country which is losing people and to the host country, which is receiving migrants. Here are some of the positive and negative effects below. Country losing people POSITIVE EFFECTS
NEGATIVE EFFECTS
Host country POSITIVE EFFECTS
NEGATIVE EFFECTS
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Geo-check!
1. Here are the stories of four men living in Malta. (The names have been changed, however the stories are all real!)
a. As you are reading the text, highlight words or phrases with positive and negative views of migration and using different colours. b. Fill in the table here with the positive and negative views of migration. |
ABUBAKAR - 35 years old from Syria
I fled my home in Syria to save my life, after seeing my father and four siblings killed. Most of the Syrian migrants, like me, who have arrived in Malta are young people who have only known a life of war and violence. Since we came here, we have finally understood what peace is. Peace is happiness and life. I have been working as pizza baker for 18 months. I am very happy to have just received a new contract for a year. I love the beautiful landscape, sea and climate of Malta. This is my new home. I know that I can find my own feet here and live a good life. I haven’t seen my wife, two sons and daughter for seven years, but when I earn enough money I will bring them here to safety too. |
AHMED - 28 years old from Somalia
I think that the Maltese people don't want us. There's no work for us here and when we do find a job we are paid nothing. I also don’t know the language and it’s difficult to communicate and make friends. The climate is different from home and it’s making me homesick. A couple of weeks ago, I started an online radio show. On my Facebook page, someone took our photo and added devil horns to my head. They wrote “go back to your country”. Another commenter threatened to kill me. I know I can’t go home to my family and friends in Somalia. Many of them all died there. The ones who weren't killed mostly fled, like I did. When we came to Malta, we got some safety - nobody to hit you and abuse you. |
DAVID - 40 years old from Malta
I am the manager of a large company. I hire both Maltese and migrants to work in my company. Some migrants have skills that I cannot find in Maltese employees. One of my employees has a university degree that can’t be studied for in Malta. Many of them have very good experiences from other countries. These help to make my company better and more competitive. I also employ some migrants who do lower paid jobs. Many Maltese are not prepared to do these jobs, but the immigrants seem happy on low pay. They are also young and willing to work. This is good for the company. I encourage immigrants to come and live in Malta because they do jobs that we don’t want to, and they are good for the economy. The also increase diversity in the country, which brings many benefits. |
GIANNI - 26 years old from Malta
I’m sick of immigrants coming into our country! They take our jobs, like in our house and try and change our villages to suit their way of life. I think they are a burden on society. They put extra pressure on health services and schools. I don’t have a job and I really don’t think it’s fair that a foreigner should get work before me. |
9. MALTA’S MIGRANTS
🡺 I understand where Malta’s migrants come from. I can explain why African refugees come to Malta.
Malta’s population is constantly changing. People come to live here (immigration), some people move away from Malta (emigrate), and some people change village in Malta (internal migration). Immigration Since Malta joined the EU, many skilled workers from other EU countries such as Italy, Bulgaria, Germany and Sweden have moved to Malta to find work. In fact, currently, Malta needs these migrants as there is a shortage of trained workers in many industries. These workers contribute to our economy by paying taxes and bringing foreign investment to our country. At the moment, many migrants coming from central Africa, such as Somalia, Nigeria and Eritrea have been coming to Malta. Emigration In the past, most Maltese emigrated to North Africa. After the second World War, there was over-population and a lack of jobs in Malta. The government helped Maltese people to travel to Australia, the UK, Canada and the United States. Between 1948 and 1967, 30 % of the Maltese population emigrated out of Malta! After that time, less people have been migrating out of Malta, however since joining the EU in 2004, several people have been emigrating to other European countries, such as Belgium and Luxembourg. Internal migration Internal migration has also been rising in Malta. Every year, around 5% of the Maltese population (16, 000 people) have either moved to a different locality in Malta or to another house in the same locality. Why do people come to live in Malta?
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Geo-check!
1. Give THREE different examples of situations when people move to Malta.
2. Give TWO reasons why people might move from one place to another in Malta. 3. In the medical profession, increasing number of medical graduates have left Malta to finalize their specialization in the UK. Many doctors settle there permanently. a. What kind of migration is this? b. What problems do you think doctors leaving Malta might bring (to Malta)? c. How would you solve this problem? 4. This bar graph shows the number of foreigners working in Malta in December 2017. a. On the graph , highlight the countries that do NOT for part of Europe. b. Why do you think people come to live in Malta from The UK and Netherlands? c. Why do you think many people come to work in Malta from the Philippines? d. Why do you think many people come from Serbia, Spain and Latvia? e. How do you think this graph will change in the future? |